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Hostilia (gens)
The ''gens Hostilia'' was an ancient family at Rome, which traced its origin to the time of Romulus. The most famous member of the gens was Tullus Hostilius, the third King of Rome; however, all of the Hostilii known from the time of the Republic were plebeians. Several of the Hostilii were distinguished during Punic Wars. The first of the family to obtain the consulship was Aulus Hostilius Mancinus in 170 BC.〔''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, Editor.〕
==Origin==
The Hostilii came originally from Medullia, an ancient city in Latium, and are thought to have settled at Rome in the time of Romulus. Although the Hostilii of the Republic had no specific tradition about Medullia, coins minted by one of the later Hostilii bear the heads of Pallor and Pavor, the gods of fear and panic, in an allusion to Tullus Hostilius, who vowed temples to Pallor and Pavor during his war with Veii and Fidenae. If the later Hostilii were descended from the Hostilii of the regal period, then they were of Medullian origin.〔''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, Editor.〕
The nomen ''Hostilius'' is a patronymic surname, based on the praenomen ''Hostus'', which was borne by the ancestors of the gens. The same praenomen gave rise to another gens, with the nomen ''Hostius''. The earliest known member of the Hostilii was Hostus Hostilius, a Roman champion in the earliest days of the city. However, if he also bore the nomen ''Hostilius'', then that name must have originated at an earlier time. The meaning of the praenomen remains obscure; but it could possibly have originated as a variation of Faustus, another ancient name meaning ''fortunate''; in Etruscan we find two possible cognates, the feminine praenomina ''Fasti'' and ''Hasti'', of which the latter is a variation of the former.〔George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897).〕〔''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, Editor.〕
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